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Effects of microbiota composition on emergence of depressions and behavioural disorders in animals
Bartková, Nikola ; Vinkler, Michal (advisor) ; Kubovčiak, Jan (referee)
The aim of this study is to summarize the current knowledge on the influence of gut microbiota composition on behavioural disorders in selected mammals and birds. Current research focuses on the influence of gut microbiota on the development of mental illnesses in humans and the potential therapeutic use of manipulating its composition. This paper briefly summarizes the main mechanisms of microbiota influence on the development of mental illnesses. The gut microbiota may also influence the development of behavioural disorders in animals. The literature suggests that changes in gut microbiota composition in humans with mental illnesses and animals with behavioural disorders share some similarities. In general, they are related mainly to a reduced abundance of selected genera of short-chain fatty acid producing bacteria and an increased abundance of gram-negative bacteria. The exceptions are destructive behavioural disorders in animals, which are associated with increased abundance of the Clostridia class and decreased abundance of the Lactobacillus genus. To prevent their development under stress, the thesis proposes the probiotic use of Lactobacillus rhamnosus. To manipulate the composition of the gut microbiota in the treatment of depressive disorders in humans, the administration of probiotics,...
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The evaluation of therapeutic work with children's s group
Syrovátková, Nikola ; Pavlas Martanová, Veronika (advisor) ; Heider, David (referee)
This diploma thesis discusses the evaluation of therapeutic work with a children's group. It shows the evaluation of the programme children's group psychotherapy from the perspective of parents and their children. The theoretical part focuses on the definition of group psychotherapy and on children in young school age. The main part is about the psychotherapy for children and the discussion groups for their parents. The qualitative research is presented in the empirical part. Semi-structured interviews with seven parents and questionnaire for seven children were conducted. These methods were analysed based on the creation of thematic categories. The evaluation of the data is also inspired by the method of grounded theory. The results show that parents and children predominantly agree in the evaluation of the children's therapeutic group program. Significant for both groups seems to be establishing close relationships with other members. An important factor in the process has been the way parents and children communicate about the group. KEYWORDS: group psychotherapy, child psychotherapy, parent group
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Attitudes of elementary school teachers towards inclusive education of students with problematic behaviour
Jelínková, Barbora ; Němec, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Mlčková, Marie (referee)
This thesis explores the different types of primary school teachers' attitude towards inclusive education of pupils with behavioural problems. Three main goals were attempted through interviews with teachers of different qualification. The first goal was to understand the differences between teachers' attitudes and opinions. The second was to identify the major reasons for said attitudes. The third goal was to review bill no. 27/2016, which deals with the issues of education of pupils with special needs and of exceptionally talented pupils. The respondents, who participated in this research, are currently employed as primary school teachers, as well as the Waldorf elementary schools and practical elementary schools. The research has shown that all respondents viewed the inclusion of pupils with behavioural problems as disadvantageous. This attitude can however be influenced by the type of school, or additional education in this particular field. This research concludes with a comparison to a U.S. research of similar goals. KEYWORDS: Behavioural problems, behavioural disorder, inclusion, teachers' attitude, primary school, Waldorf school, practical elementary school
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Parents´ and students´ attitudes to truancy
VESECKÁ, Nela
Truancy is a behavioural disorder characterized by the student wilfully staying away from school without permission or appropriate excuse. The student's absence is always excused by the teacher rather than by one of the student's parents, upon a written request of the student's legal representative (if he or she is a minor), or the student himself/herself (if he/she is of age), and invariably in accordance with the school's rules. Truancy is a serious offence; the student intentionally avoids compulsory school attendance, thus violating not only the school's rules, but also the Education Act. The socio-pathological phenomenon mentioned above is not a rare occurrence in today's school practice, having become commonplace in both elementary and secondary education. Owing to its serious nature, topicality and potential negative impacts, it merits a deeper examination. The present bachelor thesis, Attitudes of Parents and Students to Truancy, attempts to identify views of today's ninth-grade students of elementary schools on truancy-related problems by means of an analysis of different components of their attitudes. Its objective is therefore to map opinions, emotional reactions and behavioural trends of the students with respect to the object of the attitude. At the same time, it outlines how the students perceive the attitudes of their parents to the same problem. The work is divided into two principal parts. The theoretical part summarises existing knowledge on truancy-related problems. The first chapter deals with truancy in general, presenting relevant terms and definitions. Subsequent chapters are dedicated, in particular, to the typology of truancy, a detailed analysis of different causes of truancy, available solutions, and last but not least very important prevention of the socio-pathological phenomenon. The empirical part is based on a qualitative survey; a semi-structured interview technique was used to collect the data needed to meet the objective of the thesis. The respondents were pupils of the "Vltava" Elementary School in České Budějovice, who were interviewed, after their grades had been closed, using a set of questions based on the objective of the work and prepared in advance. The survey shows that today's ninth-grade students harbour mainly negative attitudes to truancy. They deny they would intentionally stay away from school, although most of them admit they often fake health problems to be able to stay home and avoid school. The paradoxical attitude is attributable to the fact that the students do not have any information on types of truancy and that they are not aware of potential consequences of the phenomenon, thus not knowing that even faking health problems qualifies as truancy. Furthermore, the survey has confirmed that parents' attitudes to truancy are negative as well, although they often support the socio-pathological phenomenon by allowing their offspring to stay at home without a serious reason at the time they should be at school. The reason is that they too are unaware of consequences of their acts. It should be noted that the results of the survey may be skewed to a substantial extent, as attitudes to truancy are affected by many factors. The bachelor thesis aims to present a comprehensive view on truancy-related issues. The results of the survey it presents could be made use of by teachers and educators who encounter the socio-pathological phenomenon in their everyday work, as well as by parents or general public interested in the topic.
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Behavioural disorders at pupils in secondary schools
BARTOUŠKOVÁ, Iveta
This dissertation essay is aimed at the most common behavioural disorders that occur in pupils in secondary school education. It is specifically aimed at truancy and bullying because these two subjects represent the serious negative occurrences in current school facilities. The theoretical part of this essay describes the basic concepts and causes of the origins of the behavioural disorders, as well as characterizing the consequences of truancy and bullying. This essay also explains prevention options that play an important role in the fight against behavioural disorders. The practical part of this essay is based on anonymous questionnaire research that is concerned with truancy and bullying. The research was conducted at secondary schools within Ceske Budejovice. The questionnaire investigates the relationships of the pupils towards the school, their opinions on bullying, and the reasons for such behaviour and the tools that the school uses to solve these issues.
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ACCULTURATION OF INDIVIDUAL WITH BEHAVIOUR DISORDER - PROGRAMME "BOROUK"
NÁPRAVNÍKOVÁ, Lenka
Socialization of an individual with behavioural disorder {--} programme ,,Borouk University Decree (Diploma) Work Abstract The aim of the thesis is to monitor situations of clients with problems of behavioural disorder, who was allowed from a hospital and protective training in Educational Institution and Canteen {\clqq}Husův dům`` in Dvůr Králové na Labem, and an evaluation of the socializational programme {\clqq}Borouk``. In a practical part of the thesis the author chose a quatitative research, in which she analysed data of clients allowed from 2001 to 2005. The programme {\clqq}Borouk`` is evaluated on the basis of data about resocialization of those clients. There is a case study enclosed in the text. In the closing part of the thesis, the programme {\clqq}Borouk`` is evaluated as a suitable programme, which helps clients with the behavioural disorder to socialize. The results show that a wide range of aspects of lifes of a group of examined clients were improved. In spite of their suitable integration and related elimination of negative social phenomenons, it is necessary to provide the clients with behavioural disorder with lifelong assistance and support. Diploma work supervisor: Author: Jiří Hartl, M. A. Bc. Lenka Nápravníková (Personal signature (Personal signature attached {--} illegible) attached {--} illegible) České Budějovice 2007
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